Jhabal Kalan (Jhabal Khurd)

108 documented cases implicating security forces based in Jhabal Kalan (Jhabal Khurd):

Amritsar District

Ajnala Subdistrict
Dilbagh Singh Male, age 16-17 at time of extrajudicial execution, Shahpur
Gurpal Singh Male, age 25 at time of extrajudicial execution, Anayatpura
Hansa Singh Male, age 35 at time of extrajudicial execution, Khiala Khurd
Hira Singh Male, age 50 at time of extrajudicial execution, Anayatpura
Kashmir Singh Male, age 23-25 at time of extrajudicial execution, Kallo Mahal
Amritsar I Subdistrict
Parmjit Singh Male, age 25-30 at time of extrajudicial execution, Mallian
Rashpal Singh Male, age 21-22 at time of extrajudicial execution, Athwal
Amritsar II Subdistrict
Balwinder Singh Male, age 17-18 at time of extrajudicial execution, Sangna
Jarnail Singh Male, age 20 at time of extrajudicial execution, Sultanwind
Jaswant Singh Khalra Male, age 42 at time of extrajudicial execution, Amritsar
Satnam Singh Male, age 25 at time of extrajudicial execution, Basarke
Satnam Singh Male, age 20-22 at time of extrajudicial execution, Jhita Kalan
Khadoor Sahib Subdistrict
Avtar Singh Male, age 29-30 at time of extrajudicial execution, Kang
Subekh Singh Male, age 18-19 at time of extrajudicial execution, Kang
Patti Subdistrict
Bachitar Singh Male, age 20 at time of extrajudicial execution, Sidhwan
Balwant Singh Male, age 18 at time of extrajudicial execution, Mari Kamboke
Gurdev Singh Male, age 18 at time of extrajudicial execution, Tatle
Gurdip Singh Male, age 34 at time of disappearance, Bhojoke
Hardev Singh Male, age 22 at time of extrajudicial execution, Jaur Singhwala
Harjit Singh Male, age 23 at time of extrajudicial execution, Chima Khurd
Jaswant Singh Male, age 18-19 at time of extrajudicial execution, Gharyala
Lakwinder Singh Male, age 19-20 at time of extrajudicial execution, Sur Singh
Nishan Singh Male, age 22-23 at time of extrajudicial execution, Rajoke
Pargat Singh Male, age 21-22 at time of extrajudicial execution, Sur Singh
Ram Singh Male, age 35 at time of extrajudicial execution, Sur Singh
Sarmukh Singh Male, age 26-27 at time of extrajudicial execution, Lakhna
Sawaran Singh Male, age 51-52 at time of disappearance, Mari Nauabad
Shamsher Singh Male, age 20-21 at time of extrajudicial execution, Dhun
Sukhdev Singh Male, age 20-22 at time of extrajudicial execution, Narli
Sukhdev Singh Male, age 27-28 at time of extrajudicial execution, Algon
Swaran Singh Male, age 50-55 at time of extrajudicial execution, Jodh Singhwala
Tarn Taran Subdistrict
Ajit Ram Male, age 40 at time of extrajudicial execution, Panjwar
Aroor Singh Male, age 39 at time of extrajudicial execution, Manochahal
Avtar Singh Male, age 18 at time of extrajudicial execution, Panjwar
Bakhtor Singh Male, age 16-17 at time of extrajudicial execution, Thathgarh
Baldev Singh Male, age 22-23 at time of extrajudicial execution, Bhujrawala
Baljit Singh Male, age 20 at time of extrajudicial execution, Jagatpura
Baljit Singh Male, age 21 at time of extrajudicial execution, Bhujrawala
Baljit Singh Male, age 21 at time of extrajudicial execution, Sohal Thathi
Baljit Singh Male, age 30 at time of disappearance, Maluwal
Balwinder Singh Male, age 21 at time of extrajudicial execution, Malian
Balwinder Singh Male, age 22 at time of extrajudicial execution, Chhina Bidhi Chand
Balwinder Singh Male, age 35 at time of extrajudicial execution, Jhabal Kalan
Balwinder Singh Male, age 43-44 at time of extrajudicial execution, Jhabal Kalan
Charanjit Singh Male, age 23 at time of extrajudicial execution, Dyal Rajputan
Dalbir Singh Male, age 20-21 at time of extrajudicial execution, Panjwar Khurd
Desa Singh Male, age 30 at time of extrajudicial execution, Buchar Kalan
Gurbir Singh Male, age 28 at time of extrajudicial execution, Panjwar
Gurbir Singh Male, age 21 at time of extrajudicial execution, Jhabal Kalan
Gurcharan Singh Male, age 65-70 at time of extrajudicial execution, Gagobua
Gurdeep Singh Male, age 42 at time of extrajudicial execution, Jiobala
Gurmej Kaur Female, age 60 at time of extrajudicial execution, Gagobua
Gurmel Singh Male, age 41 at time of extrajudicial execution, Pandori Gola
Gurnam Singh Male, age 45-50 at time of extrajudicial execution, Buchar Kalan
Hardeep Singh Male, age 18-19 at time of extrajudicial execution, Gagobua
Harjit Singh Male, age 23-25 at time of extrajudicial execution, Lalu Ghuman
Harjit Singh Male, age 16 at time of extrajudicial execution, Kasel
Harphool Singh Male, age 20 at time of disappearance, Jiobala
Harpinder Singh Male, age 20-21 at time of extrajudicial execution, Kasel
Jagtar Singh Male, age 16 at time of extrajudicial execution, Chhina Bidhi Chand
Jagtar Singh Male, age 21-22 at time of extrajudicial execution, Koharaka
Jasbir Singh Male, age 16-17 at time of disappearance, Jhabal Kalan
Joginder Kaur Female, age 55 at time of extrajudicial execution, Panjwar
Karamjit Singh Male, age 14 at time of extrajudicial execution, Bhojian
Kashmir Singh Male, age 25-27 at time of extrajudicial execution, Jhandher
Kashmir Singh Male, age 20-25 at time of extrajudicial execution, Lalu Ghuman
Kawaljit Singh Male, age 18 at time of extrajudicial execution, Qila Kavi Santokh Singh
Kirpa Singh Male, age 60 at time of extrajudicial execution, Panjwar
Kuldeep Singh Male, age 16 at time of disappearance, Panjwar Khurd
Kulwant Singh Male, age 22 at time of extrajudicial execution, Muse
Lakha Singh Male, age 39 at time of extrajudicial execution, Jhabal Mannan
Mahinder Kaur Female, age 65 at time of extrajudicial execution, Panjwar
Manjit Singh Male, age 26-27 at time of extrajudicial execution, Bhojian
Manjit Singh Male, age 21 at time of extrajudicial execution, Khair Dinke
Mukhtiar Singh Male, age 19-20 at time of extrajudicial execution, Tarn Taran
Narvinder Singh Male, age 22 at time of extrajudicial execution, Panjwar
Nirmal Singh Male, age 18-20 at time of extrajudicial execution, Buchar Kalan
Paramjit Singh Male, age 20 at time of extrajudicial execution, Dhala
Parmjit Singh Male, age 25 at time of extrajudicial execution, Panjwar
Piara Singh Male, age 50-59 at time of disappearance, Jiobala
Poonam Kumar Male, age 18-19 at time of disappearance, Panjwar Kalan
Punjab Singh Male, age 20 at time of extrajudicial execution, Chhappa
Puran Singh Male, age 18-19 at time of extrajudicial execution, Warana
Raju Singh Male, age 20-21 at time of extrajudicial execution, Khair Dinke
Rajwinder Singh Male, age 36 at time of extrajudicial execution, Panjwar
Sarabjit Singh Male, age 22 at time of extrajudicial execution, Panjwar Kalan
Satwant Singh Male, age 60 at time of extrajudicial execution, Paddri
Sawinder Singh Male, age 20 at time of disappearance, Kasel
Sukhdev Singh Male, age 20 at time of extrajudicial execution, Buchar Kalan
Sukhjinder Singh Male, age 18-19 at time of extrajudicial execution, Panjwar
Sukhwinder Singh Male, age 24 at time of extrajudicial execution, Sakhira
Surjit Singh Male, age 21 at time of extrajudicial execution, Malian
Surjit Singh Male, age 20-25 at time of extrajudicial execution, Chhina Bidhi Chand
Surjit Singh Male, age 39 at time of disappearance, Tharu
Surjit Singh Male, age 20 at time of extrajudicial execution, Gagobua
Swaran Singh Male, age 25-30 at time of extrajudicial execution, Buchar Kalan
Tajinder Singh Male, age 22 at time of extrajudicial execution, Palasaur
Tarsem Singh Male, age 14 at time of extrajudicial execution, Khair Dinke

Gurdaspur District

Dera Baba Nanak Subdistrict
Baldev Singh Male, age 18 at time of extrajudicial execution, Rajeke

Kapurthala District

Phagwara Subdistrict
Dalbir Singh Male, age 25 at time of extrajudicial execution, Phagwara

Location Withheld

Anonymous Male, age 30 at time of extrajudicial execution, location withheld
Anonymous Male, age 22-25 at time of extrajudicial execution, location withheld
Anonymous Male, age 45 at time of extrajudicial execution, location withheld
Anonymous Male, age 30-35 at time of extrajudicial execution, location withheld
Anonymous Male, age 25 at time of disappearance, location withheld
Anonymous Male, age 18 at time of extrajudicial execution, location withheld
Kesar Singh Male, age 39-40 at time of disappearance, Uttar Pradesh
Saroop Singh Male, age 21-22 at time of extrajudicial execution

Key statistics of cases implicating security forces based in Jhabal Kalan (Jhabal Khurd):

Victim Demographics 

Gender

97.2% Male 105
 
 
2.8% Female 3

Marital status

61.1% Not married 66
 
 
38.9% Married 42

If married, did the victim have children?

32.4% Yes 35
 
 
2.8% No 3


Total children surviving victims: 99

Religion

98.1% Sikh 106
 
 
1.9% Non-Sikh 2

Caste

69.4% Jat 75
 
 
30.6% Non-Jat 33

Age

7.4% 0-17 8
 
67.6% 18-33 73
 
14.8% 34-49 16
 
7.4% 50-64 8
 
1.9% 65+ 2
 

Education

27.8% No education 30
 
16.7% Primary school 18
 
13.9% Middle school 15
 
37.0% High school 40
 
3.7% College degree 4
 

Employment

48.1% Farmer/agriculture 52
 
21.3% Day labourer 23
 
7.4% Student 8
 
5.6% Unemployed 6
 
2.8% Shopkeeper 3
 
1.9% Driver (bus/truck/car) 2
 
1.9% Mechanic 2
 
0.9% Housewife 1
 
14.8% Other 16
 

Urban / Rural

88.9% Rural 96
 
 
3.7% Urban 4

Abduction, Detention, & Torture 

Prior detentions

30.6% Yes 33
 
 
69.4% No 75

Prior torture

17.6% Yes 19
 
 
13.0% No 14

Abduction preceding enforced disappearance/extrajudicial execution

86.1% Yes 93
 
 
11.1% No 12

Security officials informed witnesses where they were taking the victim

27.2% Yes 22
 
 
60.5% No 49

Witnesses to abduction

75.0% Yes 81
 
 
2.8% No 3

Victim abduction location

25.0% Victim’s residence 27
 
21.3% Roadside 23
 
11.1% Friend/relative's residence 12
 
11.1% Village fields 12
 
3.7% Police station 4
 
1.9% Bus station/stand 2
 
0.9% Shop/market 1
 
8.3% Other 9
 

Detention facility type

Data forthcoming

Preceding detention location known

74.1% Yes 80
 
 
12.0% No 13

Witnesses to detention preceding enforced disappearance/extrajudicial execution

Data forthcoming

Security official response to victim status

26.9% Other 29
 
21.3% Denied involvement 23
 
10.2% Admitted extrajudicial execution with no explanation 11
 
9.3% Killed victim in an “encounter” 10
 
8.3% Told family to go to another police station 9
 
5.6% Gave no response 6
 
3.7% Admitted custody only 4
 
1.9% Victim had escaped 2
 
0.9% Victim killed by militants 1
 
0.9% Victim killed in crossfire with militants 1
 

Victim presented before judge/magistrate

4.6% Yes 5
 
 
58.3% No 63

Enforced Disappearances vs. Extrajudicial Executions 

Classification

88.9% Extrajudicial executions 96
 
 
11.1% Enforced disappearances 12

Number of victims per family

78.7% 1 victim 85
 
17.6% 2 victim 19
 
2.8% 3 victim 3
 
0.9% 4 victim 1
 

Related incidents

5.6% Genuine encounters in family 6
 
 
94.4% No genuine encounters in family 102

Body Disposal 

Body disposal by security forces

41.7% Cremated the body 45
 
4.6% Dumped body in canal or river 5
 

Security forces returned body

6.5% Yes 7
 
0.0% Yes, but forced immediate cremation 0
 
82.4% No 89
 

Condition of corpse, if known

3.7% Bullet wounds 4
 
3.7% Broken bones 4
 
1.9% Cuts/wounds 2
 
1.9% Missing fingernails 2
 
1.9% Burn marks 2
 
0.9% Bruises 1
 
0.9% Other 1
 

Security Forces Implicated 

Names of involved security officials known

72.2% Yes 78
 
 
17.6% No 19

Security forces uniformed

87.7% Yes 71
 
 
3.7% No 3

Type(s) of security forces involved in abduction

81.5% Punjab Police 88
 
22.2% CRPF 24
 
4.6% Black cat 5
 
1.9% Army 2
 
0.9% Other 1
 

Type(s) of security forces involved in extrajudicial execution

84.3% Punjab police 91
 
5.6% CRPF 6
 
1.9% Criminal Investigation Agency 2
 
1.9% Black cat 2
 
0.9% Army 1
 

Militancy Involvement 

Combatant status

33.3% Combatant 36
 
 
62.0% Non-combatant 67

Non-combatant, provided support to militants

17.6% Yes 19
 
 
41.7% No 45

If provided support, support was voluntary

8.3% Yes 9
 
 
8.3% No 9

Remedies & Impact 

Approached court or commission

64.8% Yes 70
 
 
34.3% No 37

Approached security officials

64.8% Yes 70
 
 
35.2% No 38

Reason the family did not pursue any kind of action

25.9% Afraid of retaliation 28
 
11.1% Believed it would have been ineffective 12
 
10.2% Didn’t know what to do 11
 
5.6% Not applicable 6
 
3.7% Couldn’t afford 4
 
1.9% Other 2
 

Remedies desired from government

71.3% Monetary compensation to family 77
 
50.9% Public acknowledgement of wrongful deaths 55
 
50.0% Employment 54
 
38.9% Criminal sanctions against those responsible 42
 
38.0% Truth commission 41
 
20.4% Rehabilitation services to family members 22
 
16.7% Investigations into abuses 18
 
8.3% Memorial for victims 9
 
7.4% Other 8
 
2.8% Desire nothing from government 3
 

Year & District 

District

90.7% Amritsar 98
 
0.9% Gurdaspur 1
 
0.9% Kapurthala 1
 

Year

0.0% 1981 0
 
0.0% 1982 0
 
0.0% 1983 0
 
0.0% 1984 0
 
0.0% 1985 0
 
0.0% 1986 0
 
0.9% 1987 1
 
3.7% 1988 4
 
4.6% 1989 5
 
12.0% 1990 13
 
19.4% 1991 21
 
39.8% 1992 43
 
14.8% 1993 16
 
0.9% 1994 1
 
0.9% 1995 1
 
0.0% 1996 0
 
0.0% 1997 0
 
0.0% 1998 0
 
0.0% 1999 0
 
0.0% 2000 0
 
0.0% 2001 0
 
0.0% 2002 0
 
0.0% 2003 0
 
0.0% 2004 0
 
0.0% 2005 0
 
0.0% 2006 0
 
0.0% 2007 0
 
0.0% 2012 0
 
2.8% Date Unknown 3
 

Boundaries based on the 2001 census. Read about our methodology.