Enforced Disappearances & Extrajudicial Executions in Rupnagar District

Victim Demographics

Gender

94.6% Male 105

5.4% Female 6

Marital status

48.6% Not married 54

50.5% Married 56

If married, did the victim have children?

45.9% Yes 51

3.6% No 4

Total children surviving victims: 132

Religion

98.2% Sikh 109

1.8% Non-Sikh 2

Caste

49.5% Jat 55

45.0% Non-Jat 50

Age

3.6% 0-17 4

75.7% 18-33 84

9.0% 34-49 10

1.8% 50-64 2

5.4% 65+ 6

4.5% Age unknown 5

Education

15.3% No education 17

9.9% Primary school 11

12.6% Middle school 14

45.0% High school 50

6.3% Some college 7

5.4% College degree 6

0.9% Vocational degree 1

Employment

23.4% Farmer/agriculture 26

10.8% Student 12

9.0% Driver (bus/truck/car) 10

7.2% Day labourer 8

5.4% Mechanic 6

4.5% Unemployed 5

3.6% Shopkeeper 4

3.6% Housewife 4

1.8% Carpenter 2

37.8% Other 42

Urban / Rural

89.2% Rural 99

10.8% Urban 12

Abduction, Detention, & Torture

Prior detentions

47.7% Yes 53

47.7% No 53

Prior torture

38.7% Yes 43

9.0% No 10

Abduction preceding enforced disappearance/extrajudicial execution

69.4% Yes 77

24.3% No 27

Security officials informed witnesses where they were taking the victim

12.1% Yes 7

70.7% No 41

Witnesses to abduction

52.3% Yes 58

5.4% No 6

Victim abduction location

21.6% Victim’s residence 24

4.5% Village fields 5

4.5% Shop/market 5

3.6% Friend/relative's residence 4

3.6% Roadside 4

3.6% Bus station/stand 4

2.7% Checkpoint (naka) 3

1.8% Police station 2

15.3% Other 17

Detention facility type

Data forthcoming

Preceding detention location known

40.5% Yes 45

28.8% No 32

Witnesses to detention preceding enforced disappearance/extrajudicial execution

Data forthcoming

Security official response to victim status

15.3% Gave no response 17

12.6% Denied involvement 14

7.2% Killed victim in an “encounter” 8

7.2% Told family to go to another police station 8

7.2% Other 8

4.5% Victim had escaped 5

2.7% Admitted custody only 3

0.9% Admitted extrajudicial execution with no explanation 1

Victim presented before judge/magistrate

2.7% Yes 3

58.6% No 65

Enforced Disappearances vs. Extrajudicial Executions

Classification

74.8% Extrajudicial executions 83

25.2% Enforced disappearances 28

Number of victims per family

77.5% 1 victim 86

14.4% 2 victim 16

5.4% 3 victim 6

2.7% 4 victim 3

Related incidents

8.1% Genuine encounters in family 9

87.4% No genuine encounters in family 97

Body Disposal

Security forces returned body

26.1% Yes 29

4.5% Yes, but forced immediate cremation 5

43.2% No 48

Body disposal by security forces

13.5% Cremated the body 15

0.9% Dumped body in canal or river 1

Condition of corpse, if known

19.8% Bullet wounds 22

7.2% Other 8

4.5% Bruises 5

3.6% Cuts/wounds 4

3.6% Missing hair from head or face 4

2.7% Burn marks 3

1.8% Missing fingernails 2

0.9% Broken bones 1

Security Forces Implicated

Names of involved security officials known

57.7% Yes 64

17.1% No 19

Security forces uniformed

75.9% Yes 44

19.0% No 11

Type(s) of security forces involved in abduction

60.4% Punjab Police 67

9.0% Criminal Investigation Agency 10

7.2% Other 8

5.4% CRPF 6

2.7% Cat 3

Type(s) of security forces involved in extrajudicial execution

63.1% Punjab police 70

10.8% Other 12

7.2% Criminal Investigation Agency 8

6.3% CRPF 7

4.5% Cat 5

0.9% BSF 1

Militancy Involvement

Militant status

31.5% Militant 35

57.7% Non-militant 64

Non-militant, provided support to militants

9.0% Yes 10

45.0% No 50

If provided support, support was voluntary

8.1% Yes 9

0.9% No 1

Remedies & Impact

Approached court or commission

30.6% Yes 34

68.5% No 76

Approached security officials

36.9% Yes 41

63.1% No 70

Reason the family did not pursue any kind of action

55.9% Afraid of retaliation 62

21.6% Couldn’t afford 24

18.9% Didn’t know what to do 21

12.6% Believed it would have been ineffective 14

9.9% Not applicable 11

1.8% Other 2

Remedies desired from government

71.2% Truth commission 79

67.6% Monetary compensation to family 75

63.1% Employment 70

31.5% Rehabilitation services to family members 35

20.7% Criminal sanctions against those responsible 23

18.0% Investigations into abuses 20

14.4% Public acknowledgement of wrongful deaths 16

5.4% Memorial for victims 6

1.8% Desire nothing from government 2

0.9% Other 1

Year & District

District

100.0% Rupnagar 111

Year

0.0% 1981 0

0.0% 1982 0

0.0% 1983 0

0.0% 1984 0

0.9% 1985 1

0.9% 1986 1

0.0% 1987 0

2.7% 1988 3

5.4% 1989 6

2.7% 1990 3

29.7% 1991 33

32.4% 1992 36

11.7% 1993 13

6.3% 1994 7

3.6% 1995 4

0.0% 1996 0

0.0% 1997 0

0.0% 1998 0

0.9% 1999 1

0.0% 2000 0

0.0% 2001 0

0.0% 2002 0

0.0% 2003 0

0.0% 2004 0

0.0% 2005 0

0.0% 2006 0

0.0% 2007 0

0.0% 2012 0

2.7% Year Unknown 3