Ludhiana East

District: Ludhiana

Boundaries based on the 2001 census. Read about our methodology.


56 documented cases in Ludhiana East Subdistrict

Bhaini Ala, 1 case
Bhutta, 1
Bilga, 1
Bir Sahnewal, 1
Butahri, 3
Chhandaran, 3
Dehlon, 1
Dheri, 1
Ghawaddi, 1
Gopalpur, 1
Guram, 1
Hiran, 1
Jarkhar, 1
Jiwanpur, 2
Kalak, 4
Kot Gangurai, 1
Lehra (Lehra Khurd), 3
Ludhiana (Daba, Dhandari Khurd, Jamalpur, Sarabha Nagar, Sekhewal, Sherpur), 20
Majri, 1
Mangli Unchhi, 1
Mattewara, 1
Pohir, 1
Qilla Raipur, 1
Rangian, 1
Tibba, 2
Umedpur, 1

Key statistics for documented cases in Ludhiana East Subdistrict

Victim Demographics 

Gender

98.2% Male 55
 
 
1.8% Female 1

Marital status

67.9% Not married 38
 
 
30.4% Married 17

If married, did the victim have children?

26.8% Yes 15
 
 
1.8% No 1


Total children surviving victims: 36

Religion

98.2% Sikh 55
 
 
1.8% Non-Sikh 1

Caste

60.7% Jat 34
 
 
35.7% Non-Jat 20

Age

3.6% 0-17 2
 
85.7% 18-33 48
 
5.4% 34-49 3
 
1.8% 50-64 1
 
1.8% 65+ 1
 
1.8% Age unknown 1
 

Education

10.7% No education 6
 
19.6% Primary school 11
 
14.3% Middle school 8
 
39.3% High school 22
 
7.1% Some college 4
 
7.1% College degree 4
 
1.8% Vocational degree 1
 

Employment

26.8% Farmer/agriculture 15
 
17.9% Student 10
 
14.3% Day labourer 8
 
7.1% Shopkeeper 4
 
5.4% Driver (bus/truck/car) 3
 
5.4% Mechanic 3
 
1.8% Unemployed 1
 
35.7% Other 20
 

Urban / Rural

64.3% Rural 36
 
 
35.7% Urban 20

Abduction, Detention, & Torture 

Prior detentions

53.6% Yes 30
 
 
41.1% No 23

Prior torture

39.3% Yes 22
 
 
14.3% No 8

Abduction preceding enforced disappearance/extrajudicial execution

89.3% Yes 50
 
 
7.1% No 4

Security officials informed witnesses where they were taking the victim

17.6% Yes 6
 
 
82.4% No 28

Witnesses to abduction

60.7% Yes 34
 
 
14.3% No 8

Victim abduction location

28.6% Victim’s residence 16
 
16.1% Roadside 9
 
8.9% Shop/market 5
 
5.4% Friend/relative's residence 3
 
5.4% Village fields 3
 
3.6% Police station 2
 
3.6% Village drain 2
 
1.8% Checkpoint (naka) 1
 
1.8% Bus station/stand 1
 
8.9% Other 5
 

Detention facility type

Data forthcoming

Preceding detention location known

53.6% Yes 30
 
 
35.7% No 20

Witnesses to detention preceding enforced disappearance/extrajudicial execution

Data forthcoming

Security official response to victim status

14.3% Gave no response 8
 
14.3% Denied involvement 8
 
14.3% Other 8
 
7.1% Killed victim in an “encounter” 4
 
7.1% Admitted extrajudicial execution with no explanation 4
 
7.1% Admitted custody only 4
 
5.4% Told family to go to another police station 3
 
3.6% Victim had escaped 2
 

Victim presented before judge/magistrate

0.0% Yes 0
 
 
78.6% No 44

Enforced Disappearances vs. Extrajudicial Executions 

Classification

75.0% Extrajudicial executions 42
 
 
25.0% Enforced disappearances 14

Number of victims per family

78.6% 1 victim 44
 
21.4% 2 victim 12
 

Related incidents

3.6% Genuine encounters in family 2
 
 
92.9% No genuine encounters in family 52

Body Disposal 

Security forces returned body

14.3% Yes 8
 
0.0% Yes, but forced immediate cremation 0
 
60.7% No 34
 

Body disposal by security forces

21.4% Cremated the body 12
 

Condition of corpse, if known

7.1% Bullet wounds 4
 
7.1% Broken bones 4
 
3.6% Bruises 2
 
3.6% Cuts/wounds 2
 
1.8% Missing fingernails 1
 
1.8% Burn marks 1
 
1.8% Other 1
 

Security Forces Implicated 

Names of involved security officials known

39.3% Yes 22
 
 
35.7% No 20

Security forces uniformed

100.0% Yes 34
 
 
8.8% No 3

Type(s) of security forces involved in abduction

83.9% Punjab Police 47
 
7.1% CRPF 4
 
7.1% Criminal Investigation Agency 4
 

Type(s) of security forces involved in extrajudicial execution

71.4% Punjab police 40
 
5.4% Criminal Investigation Agency 3
 
1.8% CRPF 1
 

Militancy Involvement 

Militant status

35.7% Militant 20
 
 
55.4% Non-militant 31

Non-militant, provided support to militants

7.1% Yes 4
 
 
39.3% No 22

If provided support, support was voluntary

3.6% Yes 2
 
 
3.6% No 2

Remedies & Impact 

Approached court or commission

17.9% Yes 10
 
 
82.1% No 46

Approached security officials

48.2% Yes 27
 
 
50.0% No 28

Reason the family did not pursue any kind of action

60.7% Afraid of retaliation 34
 
21.4% Didn’t know what to do 12
 
21.4% Couldn’t afford 12
 
12.5% Believed it would have been ineffective 7
 
5.4% Not applicable 3
 
1.8% Other 1
 

Remedies desired from government

67.9% Monetary compensation to family 38
 
62.5% Truth commission 35
 
57.1% Criminal sanctions against those responsible 32
 
44.6% Employment 25
 
37.5% Investigations into abuses 21
 
35.7% Memorial for victims 20
 
21.4% Rehabilitation services to family members 12
 
16.1% Public acknowledgement of wrongful deaths 9
 
7.1% Other 4
 
5.4% Desire nothing from government 3
 

Year & District 

District

100.0% Ludhiana 56
 

Year

0.0% 1981 0
 
0.0% 1982 0
 
3.6% 1983 2
 
0.0% 1984 0
 
0.0% 1985 0
 
0.0% 1986 0
 
0.0% 1987 0
 
8.9% 1988 5
 
14.3% 1989 8
 
3.6% 1990 2
 
17.9% 1991 10
 
28.6% 1992 16
 
12.5% 1993 7
 
1.8% 1994 1
 
0.0% 1995 0
 
1.8% 1996 1
 
0.0% 1997 0
 
0.0% 1998 0
 
0.0% 1999 0
 
0.0% 2000 0
 
0.0% 2001 0
 
0.0% 2002 0
 
0.0% 2003 0
 
0.0% 2004 0
 
1.8% 2005 1
 
0.0% 2006 0
 
0.0% 2007 0
 
0.0% 2012 0
 
5.4% Year Unknown 3