1997

13 documented cases in 1997:

Amritsar District

Ajnala Subdistrict
Kulwant Singh Male, age 60 at time of extrajudicial execution, Chak Allah Bakash, Ajnala
Nishan Singh Male, age 17-18 at time of extrajudicial execution, Makowal, Ajnala
Amritsar II Subdistrict
Narinder Singh Male, age 23-25 at time of extrajudicial execution, Amritsar, Amritsar II
Baba Bakala Subdistrict
Baldev Singh Male, age 16 at time of extrajudicial execution, Dehriwala, Baba Bakala
Sukhdev Singh Male, age 30-32 at time of extrajudicial execution, Mehta, Baba Bakala

Firozpur District

Firozpur Subdistrict
Harbans Singh Male, age 31-36 at time of extrajudicial execution, Machhiwara Alias Kamagar, Firozpur

Hoshiarpur District

Hoshiarpur Subdistrict
Kashmir Singh Male, age 27-28 at time of extrajudicial execution, Pandori Rukman, Hoshiarpur

Jalandhar District

Phillaur Subdistrict
Jagan Nath Male, age 35 at time of extrajudicial execution, Danduwal, Phillaur

Ludhiana District

Jagroan Subdistrict
Jaswant Singh Male, age 42 at time of extrajudicial execution, Boparai Kalan, Jagroan
Ludhiana East Subdistrict
Amritpal Singh Male, age 22-23 at time of extrajudicial execution, Lehra, Ludhiana East
Ludhiana West Subdistrict
Sukhdev Singh Male, age 57-58 at time of extrajudicial execution, Narangwal, Ludhiana West

Nawanshahr District

Nawanshahr Subdistrict
Chhinder Pal Male, age 21 at time of disappearance, Mangat Dhingrian, Nawanshahr

Location Withheld

Anonymous Male, age 55-60 at time of extrajudicial execution, location withheld

Key statistics of cases in 1997:

Victim Demographics 

Gender

100.0% Male 13
 
 
0.0% Female 0

Marital status

46.2% Not married 6
 
 
53.8% Married 7

If married, did the victim have children?

46.2% Yes 6
 
 
7.7% No 1


Total children surviving victims: 21

Religion

92.3% Sikh 12
 
 
7.7% Non-Sikh 1

Caste

53.8% Non-Jat 7
 
 
46.2% Jat 6

Age

15.4% 0-17 2
 
46.2% 18-33 6
 
15.4% 34-49 2
 
23.1% 50-64 3
 

Education

30.8% No education 4
 
15.4% Primary school 2
 
23.1% High school 3
 
7.7% Some college 1
 
7.7% Graduate degree 1
 
7.7% Vocational degree 1
 

Employment

30.8% Farmer/agriculture 4
 
15.4% Day labourer 2
 
7.7% Shopkeeper 1
 
7.7% Student 1
 
7.7% Carpenter 1
 
38.5% Other 5
 

Urban / Rural

84.6% Rural 11
 
 
7.7% Urban 1

Abduction, Detention, & Torture 

Prior detentions

53.8% Yes 7
 
 
46.2% No 6

Prior torture

38.5% Yes 5
 
 
15.4% No 2

Abduction preceding enforced disappearance/extrajudicial execution

69.2% Yes 9
 
 
30.8% No 4

Security officials informed witnesses where they were taking the victim

0.0% Yes 0
 
 
87.5% No 7

Witnesses to abduction

61.5% Yes 8
 

Victim abduction location

23.1% Victim’s residence 3
 
15.4% Roadside 2
 
7.7% Friend/relative's residence 1
 
15.4% Other 2
 

Detention facility type

Data forthcoming

Preceding detention location known

38.5% Yes 5
 
 
30.8% No 4

Witnesses to detention preceding enforced disappearance/extrajudicial execution

Data forthcoming

Security official response to victim status

38.5% Other 5
 
23.1% Gave no response 3
 
15.4% Denied involvement 2
 
15.4% Admitted extrajudicial execution with no explanation 2
 
7.7% Admitted custody only 1
 
7.7% Told family to go to another police station 1
 

Victim presented before judge/magistrate

7.7% Yes 1
 
 
53.8% No 7

Enforced Disappearances vs. Extrajudicial Executions 

Classification

92.3% Extrajudicial executions 12
 
 
7.7% Enforced disappearances 1

Number of victims per family

92.3% 1 victim 12
 
7.7% 2 victim 1
 

Related incidents

0.0% Genuine encounters in family 0
 
 
92.3% No genuine encounters in family 12

Body Disposal 

Security forces returned body

53.8% Yes 7
 
7.7% Yes, but forced immediate cremation 1
 
30.8% No 4
 

Body disposal by security forces

Condition of corpse, if known

23.1% Bruises 3
 
23.1% Cuts/wounds 3
 
15.4% Bullet wounds 2
 
15.4% Broken bones 2
 
7.7% Missing hair from head or face 1
 
7.7% Burn marks 1
 
7.7% Other 1
 

Security Forces Implicated 

Names of involved security officials known

38.5% Yes 5
 
 
30.8% No 4

Security forces uniformed

87.5% Yes 7
 
 
0.0% No 0

Type(s) of security forces involved in abduction

69.2% Punjab Police 9
 
7.7% CRPF 1
 

Type(s) of security forces involved in extrajudicial execution

84.6% Punjab police 11
 
15.4% CRPF 2
 

Militancy Involvement 

Militant status

23.1% Militant 3
 
 
76.9% Non-militant 10

Non-militant, provided support to militants

15.4% Yes 2
 
 
61.5% No 8

If provided support, support was voluntary

7.7% Yes 1
 
 
7.7% No 1

Remedies & Impact 

Approached court or commission

46.2% Yes 6
 
 
53.8% No 7

Approached security officials

69.2% Yes 9
 
 
30.8% No 4

Reason the family did not pursue any kind of action

30.8% Afraid of retaliation 4
 
15.4% Couldn’t afford 2
 
7.7% Not applicable 1
 
7.7% Didn’t know what to do 1
 
7.7% Other 1
 

Remedies desired from government

84.6% Monetary compensation to family 11
 
61.5% Employment 8
 
61.5% Truth commission 8
 
38.5% Investigations into abuses 5
 
30.8% Public acknowledgement of wrongful deaths 4
 
30.8% Criminal sanctions against those responsible 4
 
23.1% Rehabilitation services to family members 3
 
23.1% Other 3
 
15.4% Memorial for victims 2
 

Year & District 

District

38.5% Amritsar 5
 
7.7% Firozpur 1
 
7.7% Hoshiarpur 1
 
7.7% Jalandhar 1
 
23.1% Ludhiana 3
 
7.7% Nawanshahr 1
 
7.7% Location Withheld 1
 

Year

0.0% 1981 0
 
0.0% 1982 0
 
0.0% 1983 0
 
0.0% 1984 0
 
0.0% 1985 0
 
0.0% 1986 0
 
0.0% 1987 0
 
0.0% 1988 0
 
0.0% 1989 0
 
0.0% 1990 0
 
0.0% 1991 0
 
0.0% 1992 0
 
0.0% 1993 0
 
0.0% 1994 0
 
15.4% 1995 2
 
7.7% 1996 1
 
76.9% 1997 10
 
0.0% 1998 0
 
0.0% 1999 0
 
0.0% 2000 0
 
0.0% 2001 0
 
0.0% 2002 0
 
0.0% 2003 0
 
0.0% 2004 0
 
0.0% 2005 0
 
0.0% 2006 0
 
0.0% 2007 0
 
0.0% 2012 0
 
0.0% Year Unknown 0
 

Note: Where a victim’s date of extrajudicial execution or disappearance falls within a date range that crosses two years (e.g. “between October 1989 and February 1990”), the case appears on both years’ pages. Boundaries based on the 2001 census. Read about our methodology.