1998

7 documented cases in 1998:

Amritsar District

Amritsar I Subdistrict
Dharm Singh Male, age 38-39 at time of extrajudicial execution, Kathu Nangal, Amritsar I
Tarn Taran Subdistrict
Lakhbir Singh Male, age 35 at time of extrajudicial execution, Ratoke, Tarn Taran

Firozpur District

Jalalabad Subdistrict
Kakka Singh Male, age 40 at time of extrajudicial execution, Chak Sohna Sandar, Jalalabad

Kapurthala District

Kapurthala Subdistrict
Dalip Singh Male, age 35 at time of extrajudicial execution, Talwandi Mohma, Kapurthala

Mansa District

Mansa Subdistrict
Baljeet Singh Male, age 26 at time of extrajudicial execution, Burj Dhilwan, Mansa

Moga District

Moga Subdistrict
Mohan Singh Male, age 27 at time of extrajudicial execution, Dholewala, Moga

Location Withheld

Anonymous Male, age 55 at time of extrajudicial execution, location withheld

Key statistics of cases in 1998:

Victim Demographics 

Gender

100.0% Male 7
 
 
0.0% Female 0

Marital status

28.6% Not married 2
 
 
71.4% Married 5

If married, did the victim have children?

71.4% Yes 5
 


Total children surviving victims: 20

Religion

100.0% Sikh 7
 

Caste

71.4% Jat 5
 
 
28.6% Non-Jat 2

Age

28.6% 18-33 2
 
57.1% 34-49 4
 
14.3% 50-64 1
 

Education

57.1% No education 4
 
14.3% Primary school 1
 
14.3% Middle school 1
 
14.3% High school 1
 

Employment

71.4% Farmer/agriculture 5
 
14.3% Day labourer 1
 
14.3% Other 1
 

Urban / Rural

85.7% Rural 6
 
 
0.0% Urban 0

Abduction, Detention, & Torture 

Prior detentions

42.9% Yes 3
 
 
57.1% No 4

Prior torture

42.9% Yes 3
 
 
0.0% No 0

Abduction preceding enforced disappearance/extrajudicial execution

71.4% Yes 5
 
 
28.6% No 2

Security officials informed witnesses where they were taking the victim

40.0% Yes 2
 
 
60.0% No 3

Witnesses to abduction

71.4% Yes 5
 

Victim abduction location

28.6% Victim’s residence 2
 
14.3% Roadside 1
 
14.3% Bus station/stand 1
 
14.3% Police station 1
 

Detention facility type

Data forthcoming

Preceding detention location known

71.4% Yes 5
 
 
0.0% No 0

Witnesses to detention preceding enforced disappearance/extrajudicial execution

Data forthcoming

Security official response to victim status

14.3% Gave no response 1
 
14.3% Victim accidentally killed in custody 1
 

Victim presented before judge/magistrate

0.0% Yes 0
 
 
71.4% No 5

Enforced Disappearances vs. Extrajudicial Executions 

Classification

100.0% Extrajudicial executions 7
 
 
0.0% Enforced disappearances 0

Number of victims per family

85.7% 1 victim 6
 
14.3% 2 victim 1
 

Related incidents

0.0% Genuine encounters in family 0
 
 
100.0% No genuine encounters in family 7

Body Disposal 

Body disposal by security forces

Security forces returned body

71.4% Yes 5
 
0.0% Yes, but forced immediate cremation 0
 
14.3% No 1
 

Condition of corpse, if known

57.1% Bruises 4
 
28.6% Cuts/wounds 2
 
28.6% Broken bones 2
 
14.3% Burn marks 1
 
14.3% Other 1
 

Security Forces Implicated 

Names of involved security officials known

71.4% Yes 5
 
 
0.0% No 0

Security forces uniformed

100.0% Yes 5
 
 
0.0% No 0

Type(s) of security forces involved in abduction

71.4% Punjab Police 5
 

Type(s) of security forces involved in extrajudicial execution

100.0% Punjab police 7
 

Militancy Involvement 

Militant status

0.0% Militant 0
 
 
100.0% Non-militant 7

Non-militant, provided support to militants

0.0% Yes 0
 
 
100.0% No 7

If provided support, support was voluntary

0.0% Yes 0
 
 
0.0% No 0

Remedies & Impact 

Approached court or commission

71.4% Yes 5
 
 
28.6% No 2

Approached security officials

28.6% Yes 2
 
 
71.4% No 5

Reason the family did not pursue any kind of action

14.3% Afraid of retaliation 1
 
14.3% Couldn’t afford 1
 

Remedies desired from government

85.7% Monetary compensation to family 6
 
71.4% Truth commission 5
 
42.9% Employment 3
 
42.9% Investigations into abuses 3
 
14.3% Public acknowledgement of wrongful deaths 1
 
14.3% Criminal sanctions against those responsible 1
 
14.3% Memorial for victims 1
 

Year & District 

District

28.6% Amritsar 2
 
14.3% Firozpur 1
 
14.3% Kapurthala 1
 
14.3% Mansa 1
 
14.3% Moga 1
 

Year

0.0% 1981 0
 
0.0% 1982 0
 
0.0% 1983 0
 
0.0% 1984 0
 
0.0% 1985 0
 
0.0% 1986 0
 
0.0% 1987 0
 
0.0% 1988 0
 
0.0% 1989 0
 
0.0% 1990 0
 
0.0% 1991 0
 
0.0% 1992 0
 
0.0% 1993 0
 
0.0% 1994 0
 
0.0% 1995 0
 
0.0% 1996 0
 
0.0% 1997 0
 
100.0% 1998 7
 
0.0% 1999 0
 
0.0% 2000 0
 
0.0% 2001 0
 
0.0% 2002 0
 
0.0% 2003 0
 
0.0% 2004 0
 
0.0% 2005 0
 
0.0% 2006 0
 
0.0% 2007 0
 
0.0% 2012 0
 
0.0% Date Unknown 0
 

Note: Where a victim’s date of extrajudicial execution or disappearance falls within a date range that crosses two years (e.g. “between October 1989 and February 1990”), the case appears on both years’ pages. Boundaries based on the 2001 census. Read about our methodology.