1995

54 documented cases in 1995:

Amritsar District

Amritsar I Subdistrict
Rawail Kaur Female, age 40 at time of extrajudicial execution, Pandher, Amritsar I
Amritsar II Subdistrict
Jaswant Singh Khalra Male, age 42 at time of extrajudicial execution, Amritsar, Amritsar II
Baba Bakala Subdistrict
Dharambir Singh Male, age 39 at time of extrajudicial execution, Kammonke, Baba Bakala
Khadoor Sahib Subdistrict
Angrej Singh Male, age 16-17 at time of disappearance, Gagrewal, Khadoor Sahib
Patti Subdistrict
Hira Singh Male, age 20 at time of extrajudicial execution, Thathi Jaimal Singh, Patti
Karj Singh Male, age 25-28 at time of extrajudicial execution, Dalairi, Patti
Kashmir Singh Male, age 55 at time of extrajudicial execution, Sito Mah Jhungian, Patti
Tarn Taran Subdistrict
Bikkar Singh Male, age 17-18 at time of extrajudicial execution, Takhu Chak, Tarn Taran
Gurdyal Singh Male, age 20-21 at time of extrajudicial execution, Rai Siana, Tarn Taran
Kashmir Singh Male, age 45 at time of extrajudicial execution, Thathgarh, Tarn Taran
Rattan Singh Male, age 20-25 at time of extrajudicial execution, Koharaka, Tarn Taran
Tarsem Singh Male, age 22-25 at time of extrajudicial execution, Gharka, Tarn Taran

Bathinda District

Bathinda Subdistrict
Darshan Singh Male, age 24-25 at time of disappearance, Lehra Dhul Kot, Bathinda

Firozpur District

Firozpur Subdistrict
Gurcharan Singh Male, age 40 at time of extrajudicial execution, Haraj, Firozpur
Harbans Singh Male, age 31-36 at time of extrajudicial execution, Machhiwara Alias Kamagar, Firozpur
Zira Subdistrict
Kartar Singh Male, age 35 at time of extrajudicial execution, Wara Pohwindian, Zira

Gurdaspur District

Batala Subdistrict
Gurdit Singh Male, age 28 at time of extrajudicial execution, Awan, Batala
Gurdaspur Subdistrict
Meva Singh Male, age 70 at time of extrajudicial execution, Chandu Wadala, Gurdaspur
Shingara Singh Male, age 49-50 at time of extrajudicial execution, Rose, Gurdaspur

Hoshiarpur District

Dasuya Subdistrict
Balbir Singh Male, age 21 at time of extrajudicial execution, Mand, Dasuya
Bhadur Singh Male, age 50 at time of extrajudicial execution, Baranda, Dasuya

Jalandhar District

Shahkot Subdistrict
Mahinder Singh Male, age 50-55 at time of disappearance, Kotla Heran, Shahkot

Kapurthala District

Kapurthala Subdistrict
Gopal Singh Male, age 33 at time of disappearance, Bhawanipur, Kapurthala

Ludhiana District

Jagroan Subdistrict
Jaswant Singh Male, age 42 at time of extrajudicial execution, Boparai Kalan, Jagroan
Joginder Singh Male, age 30 at time of extrajudicial execution, Bhundri, Jagroan
Pritam Singh Male, age 38 at time of disappearance, Mallah, Jagroan

Moga District

Bhagha Purana Subdistrict
Balveer Singh Male, age 42 at time of extrajudicial execution, Smalsar, Bhagha Purana
Moga Subdistrict
Sarbjeet Singh Male, age 16-17 at time of extrajudicial execution, Madoke, Moga
Nihal Singhwala Subdistrict
Harbans Singh Male, age 50 at time of disappearance, Burj Hamira, Nihal Singhwala

Nawanshahr District

Nawanshahr Subdistrict
Sital Singh Male, age 20 at time of disappearance, Lidhar Kalan, Nawanshahr

Patiala District

Patiala Subdistrict
Gurcharan Singh Male, age 29 at time of extrajudicial execution, Patiala, Patiala
Kuldev Kaur Female, age 50-52 at time of extrajudicial execution, Patiala, Patiala
Raj Kaur Female, age 24-25 at time of extrajudicial execution, Patiala, Patiala
Rajpura Subdistrict
Mohinder Singh Male, age 20-23 at time of extrajudicial execution, Bhapal, Rajpura
Samana Subdistrict
Amrik Singh Male, age 32-33 at time of extrajudicial execution, Patran, Samana
Surjeet Singh Male, age 29-36 at time of extrajudicial execution, Samana, Samana

Rupnagar District

Rupnagar Subdistrict
Didar Singh Male, age 17-18 at time of extrajudicial execution, Haripur Alias Rormajra, Rupnagar
Gursewak Singh Male, age 26 at time of disappearance, Kotla Nihang, Rupnagar
Satveer Singh Male, age 30 at time of disappearance, Rupnagar, Rupnagar

Sangrur District

Barnala Subdistrict
Gurmail Singh Male, age 30 at time of extrajudicial execution, Bhaini Jassa, Barnala
Dhuri Subdistrict
Ajmer Singh Male, age 45-46 at time of extrajudicial execution, Banganwali, Dhuri
Hardeep Singh Male, age 21-22 at time of extrajudicial execution, Pedni Kalan, Dhuri
Malerkotla Subdistrict
Chamkour Singh Male, age 31 at time of disappearance, Malikpur Alias Jandali Khurd, Malerkotla
Moonak Subdistrict
Charanjit Kaur Female, age 30 at time of extrajudicial execution, Nawangaon, Moonak
Sangrur Subdistrict
Bhupinder Singh Male, age 32 at time of disappearance, Balad Kalan, Sangrur
Darshan Singh Male, age 20 at time of extrajudicial execution, Longowal, Sangrur
Sunam Subdistrict
Bhagwant Singh Male, age 27 at time of disappearance, Sunam, Sunam

Location Withheld

Anonymous Male, location withheld
Anonymous Male, age 20 at time of disappearance, location withheld
Anonymous Male, age 18-20 at time of extrajudicial execution, location withheld
Anonymous Male, age 28 at time of extrajudicial execution, location withheld
Anonymous Male, age 40-42 at time of extrajudicial execution, location withheld
Anonymous Male, age 30 at time of extrajudicial execution, location withheld
Dilbagh Singh Male, age 41-42 at time of extrajudicial execution, Bombay

Key statistics of cases in 1995:

Victim Demographics 

Gender

92.6% Male 50
 
 
7.4% Female 4

Marital status

48.1% Not married 26
 
 
51.9% Married 28

If married, did the victim have children?

42.6% Yes 23
 
 
5.6% No 3


Total children surviving victims: 72

Religion

100.0% Sikh 54
 

Caste

70.4% Jat 38
 
 
27.8% Non-Jat 15

Age

7.4% 0-17 4
 
55.6% 18-33 30
 
24.1% 34-49 13
 
9.3% 50-64 5
 
1.9% 65+ 1
 
1.9% Age unknown 1
 

Education

31.5% No education 17
 
14.8% Primary school 8
 
11.1% Middle school 6
 
29.6% High school 16
 
3.7% Some college 2
 
3.7% College degree 2
 
1.9% Graduate degree 1
 

Employment

37.0% Farmer/agriculture 20
 
20.4% Day labourer 11
 
5.6% Driver (bus/truck/car) 3
 
5.6% Housewife 3
 
3.7% Shopkeeper 2
 
3.7% Student 2
 
1.9% Mechanic 1
 
1.9% Carpenter 1
 
1.9% Unemployed 1
 
18.5% Other 10
 

Urban / Rural

70.4% Rural 38
 
 
16.7% Urban 9

Abduction, Detention, & Torture 

Prior detentions

40.7% Yes 22
 
 
57.4% No 31

Prior torture

33.3% Yes 18
 
 
7.4% No 4

Abduction preceding enforced disappearance/extrajudicial execution

74.1% Yes 40
 
 
24.1% No 13

Security officials informed witnesses where they were taking the victim

6.7% Yes 2
 
 
100.0% No 30

Witnesses to abduction

55.6% Yes 30
 
 
5.6% No 3

Victim abduction location

29.6% Victim’s residence 16
 
9.3% Shop/market 5
 
7.4% Friend/relative's residence 4
 
7.4% Roadside 4
 
5.6% Police station 3
 
3.7% Bus station/stand 2
 
1.9% Village fields 1
 
9.3% Other 5
 

Detention facility type

Data forthcoming

Preceding detention location known

38.9% Yes 21
 
 
35.2% No 19

Witnesses to detention preceding enforced disappearance/extrajudicial execution

Data forthcoming

Security official response to victim status

24.1% Denied involvement 13
 
18.5% Gave no response 10
 
7.4% Told family to go to another police station 4
 
7.4% Other 4
 
1.9% Killed victim in an “encounter” 1
 
1.9% Admitted extrajudicial execution with no explanation 1
 

Victim presented before judge/magistrate

1.9% Yes 1
 
 
61.1% No 33

Enforced Disappearances vs. Extrajudicial Executions 

Classification

75.9% Extrajudicial executions 41
 
 
24.1% Enforced disappearances 13

Number of victims per family

85.2% 1 victim 46
 
5.6% 2 victim 3
 
3.7% 3 victim 2
 
5.6% 4 victim 3
 

Related incidents

5.6% Genuine encounters in family 3
 
 
92.6% No genuine encounters in family 50

Body Disposal 

Body disposal by security forces

11.1% Cremated the body 6
 
3.7% Dumped body in canal or river 2
 

Security forces returned body

13.0% Yes 7
 
5.6% Yes, but forced immediate cremation 3
 
55.6% No 30
 

Condition of corpse, if known

7.4% Bullet wounds 4
 
7.4% Other 4
 
3.7% Cuts/wounds 2
 
3.7% Broken bones 2
 
1.9% Bruises 1
 
1.9% Missing hair from head or face 1
 
1.9% Missing fingernails 1
 

Security Forces Implicated 

Names of involved security officials known

57.4% Yes 31
 
 
13.0% No 7

Security forces uniformed

96.7% Yes 29
 
 
16.7% No 5

Type(s) of security forces involved in abduction

70.4% Punjab Police 38
 
1.9% BSF 1
 
1.9% CRPF 1
 
1.9% Criminal Investigation Agency 1
 
1.9% Other 1
 

Type(s) of security forces involved in extrajudicial execution

68.5% Punjab police 37
 
1.9% BSF 1
 
1.9% CRPF 1
 
1.9% Other 1
 

Militancy Involvement 

Militant status

29.6% Militant 16
 
 
64.8% Non-militant 35

Non-militant, provided support to militants

18.5% Yes 10
 
 
46.3% No 25

If provided support, support was voluntary

11.1% Yes 6
 
 
7.4% No 4

Remedies & Impact 

Approached court or commission

40.7% Yes 22
 
 
55.6% No 30

Approached security officials

44.4% Yes 24
 
 
51.9% No 28

Reason the family did not pursue any kind of action

40.7% Afraid of retaliation 22
 
25.9% Didn’t know what to do 14
 
18.5% Couldn’t afford 10
 
9.3% Believed it would have been ineffective 5
 

Remedies desired from government

66.7% Monetary compensation to family 36
 
66.7% Truth commission 36
 
50.0% Employment 27
 
33.3% Criminal sanctions against those responsible 18
 
33.3% Investigations into abuses 18
 
20.4% Public acknowledgement of wrongful deaths 11
 
18.5% Memorial for victims 10
 
13.0% Rehabilitation services to family members 7
 
7.4% Desire nothing from government 4
 
5.6% Other 3
 

Year & District 

District

22.2% Amritsar 12
 
1.9% Bathinda 1
 
5.6% Firozpur 3
 
5.6% Gurdaspur 3
 
3.7% Hoshiarpur 2
 
1.9% Jalandhar 1
 
1.9% Kapurthala 1
 
5.6% Ludhiana 3
 
5.6% Moga 3
 
1.9% Nawanshahr 1
 
11.1% Patiala 6
 
5.6% Rupnagar 3
 
14.8% Sangrur 8
 

Year

0.0% 1981 0
 
0.0% 1982 0
 
0.0% 1983 0
 
0.0% 1984 0
 
0.0% 1985 0
 
0.0% 1986 0
 
0.0% 1987 0
 
0.0% 1988 0
 
0.0% 1989 0
 
0.0% 1990 0
 
0.0% 1991 0
 
0.0% 1992 0
 
11.1% 1993 6
 
13.0% 1994 7
 
72.2% 1995 39
 
3.7% 1996 2
 
0.0% 1997 0
 
0.0% 1998 0
 
0.0% 1999 0
 
0.0% 2000 0
 
0.0% 2001 0
 
0.0% 2002 0
 
0.0% 2003 0
 
0.0% 2004 0
 
0.0% 2005 0
 
0.0% 2006 0
 
0.0% 2007 0
 
0.0% 2012 0
 
0.0% Date Unknown 0
 

Note: Where a victim’s date of extrajudicial execution or disappearance falls within a date range that crosses two years (e.g. “between October 1989 and February 1990”), the case appears on both years’ pages. Boundaries based on the 2001 census. Read about our methodology.