Enforced Disappearances & Extrajudicial Executions in Gurdaspur District

Victim Demographics

Gender

99.1% Male 630

0.9% Female 6

Marital status

66.2% Not married 421

33.6% Married 214

If married, did the victim have children?

27.8% Yes 177

4.9% No 31

Total children surviving victims: 460

Religion

98.4% Sikh 626

1.6% Non-Sikh 10

Caste

84.1% Jat 535

15.7% Non-Jat 100

Age

6.6% 0-17 42

80.7% 18-33 513

10.1% 34-49 64

2.0% 50-64 13

0.5% 65+ 3

0.2% Age unknown 1

Education

12.1% No education 77

12.7% Primary school 81

19.2% Middle school 122

44.2% High school 281

2.4% Some college 15

4.7% College degree 30

1.7% Graduate degree 11

2.7% Vocational degree 17

Employment

45.9% Farmer/agriculture 292

16.8% Student 107

7.2% Day labourer 46

7.2% Driver (bus/truck/car) 46

3.8% Mechanic 24

3.5% Shopkeeper 22

0.9% Unemployed 6

0.8% Housewife 5

24.8% Other 158

Urban / Rural

92.0% Rural 585

8.0% Urban 51

Abduction, Detention, & Torture

Prior detentions

50.6% Yes 322

48.7% No 310

Prior torture

45.1% Yes 287

5.5% No 35

Abduction preceding enforced disappearance/extrajudicial execution

79.6% Yes 506

18.9% No 120

Security officials informed witnesses where they were taking the victim

23.1% Yes 102

73.2% No 323

Witnesses to abduction

69.3% Yes 441

2.8% No 18

Victim abduction location

17.9% Roadside 114

15.4% Victim’s residence 98

13.2% Friend/relative's residence 84

5.7% Village fields 36

3.3% Bus station/stand 21

3.1% Shop/market 20

2.0% Checkpoint (naka) 13

1.4% Police station 9

1.3% Village drain 8

12.9% Other 82

Detention facility type

Data forthcoming

Preceding detention location known

52.0% Yes 331

27.4% No 174

Witnesses to detention preceding enforced disappearance/extrajudicial execution

Data forthcoming

Security official response to victim status

9.9% Gave no response 63

9.3% Other 59

5.5% Denied involvement 35

5.2% Told family to go to another police station 33

4.6% Killed victim in an “encounter” 29

4.1% Admitted extrajudicial execution with no explanation 26

0.9% Admitted custody only 6

0.5% Victim had escaped 3

0.5% Victim accidentally killed in custody 3

0.3% Victim killed in crossfire with militants 2

0.2% Victim killed by militants 1

Victim presented before judge/magistrate

3.3% Yes 21

42.5% No 270

Enforced Disappearances vs. Extrajudicial Executions

Classification

90.7% Extrajudicial executions 577

9.3% Enforced disappearances 59

Number of victims per family

84.3% 1 victim 536

12.9% 2 victim 82

2.0% 3 victim 13

0.8% 4 victim 5

Related incidents

2.8% Genuine encounters in family 18

96.4% No genuine encounters in family 613

Body Disposal

Security forces returned body

10.4% Yes 66

0.5% Yes, but forced immediate cremation 3

79.6% No 506

Body disposal by security forces

48.1% Cremated the body 306

0.5% Dumped body in canal or river 3

Condition of corpse, if known

10.5% Bullet wounds 67

4.2% Broken bones 27

3.0% Bruises 19

2.8% Cuts/wounds 18

2.8% Missing hair from head or face 18

1.6% Other 10

1.4% Burn marks 9

0.8% Missing fingernails 5

Security Forces Implicated

Names of involved security officials known

57.9% Yes 368

25.0% No 159

Security forces uniformed

72.6% Yes 320

8.8% No 39

Type(s) of security forces involved in abduction

69.5% Punjab Police 442

5.8% BSF 37

4.9% CRPF 31

3.5% Other 22

3.0% Cat 19

0.9% Army 6

0.8% Criminal Investigation Agency 5

Type(s) of security forces involved in extrajudicial execution

80.3% Punjab police 511

6.1% BSF 39

3.8% CRPF 24

3.8% Cat 24

2.4% Other 15

0.8% Army 5

0.8% Criminal Investigation Agency 5

Militancy Involvement

Militant status

57.2% Militant 364

40.1% Non-militant 255

Non-militant, provided support to militants

7.5% Yes 48

30.0% No 191

If provided support, support was voluntary

5.0% Yes 32

2.0% No 13

Remedies & Impact

Approached court or commission

17.9% Yes 114

80.8% No 514

Approached security officials

30.2% Yes 192

68.9% No 438

Reason the family did not pursue any kind of action

66.8% Afraid of retaliation 425

22.8% Couldn’t afford 145

21.9% Didn’t know what to do 139

19.5% Believed it would have been ineffective 124

2.7% Not applicable 17

0.2% Other 1

Remedies desired from government

81.0% Monetary compensation to family 515

62.7% Truth commission 399

61.0% Employment 388

47.3% Public acknowledgement of wrongful deaths 301

47.3% Memorial for victims 301

46.2% Criminal sanctions against those responsible 294

45.0% Investigations into abuses 286

42.0% Rehabilitation services to family members 267

3.6% Desire nothing from government 23

1.6% Other 10

Year & District

District

100.0% Gurdaspur 636

Year

0.3% 1981 2

0.0% 1982 0

0.0% 1983 0

1.6% 1984 10

0.9% 1985 6

2.8% 1986 18

6.0% 1987 38

5.2% 1988 33

9.0% 1989 57

8.3% 1990 53

22.6% 1991 144

27.8% 1992 177

10.4% 1993 66

2.0% 1994 13

0.3% 1995 2

0.0% 1996 0

0.0% 1997 0

0.0% 1998 0

0.0% 1999 0

0.0% 2000 0

0.0% 2001 0

0.0% 2002 0

0.0% 2003 0

0.0% 2004 0

0.0% 2005 0

0.0% 2006 0

0.0% 2007 0

0.0% 2012 0

2.7% Year Unknown 17